Economics
Md. Yousuf Ahammed; Shayla Tazminur
Abstract
Investment decisions are influenced by several rational and irrational factors. The most common irrational phenomena are behavioral biases, such as overconfidence or herding bias. This paper intends to examine the impact of overconfidence bias on investment decisions from the perspective of Bangladeshi ...
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Investment decisions are influenced by several rational and irrational factors. The most common irrational phenomena are behavioral biases, such as overconfidence or herding bias. This paper intends to examine the impact of overconfidence bias on investment decisions from the perspective of Bangladeshi retail investors. The current study is based on primary data collected from general investors through a survey of a self-developed questionnaire. For surveying the questionnaire, investors were selected following the convenience sampling technique. Collected data were analyzed using Correlation, OLS Regression, One-way ANOVA, and One sample t-test in SPPSS software. The study found that the investment decision is significantly influenced by the overconfidence bias. They think they can outperform the market and rely on their capability to analyze an investment opportunity. Such behavior could be very harmful to themselves as well as the market stability. The study also found that male investors tend to be more overconfident in their investment decisions than females. The empirical model concludes that there exists significant overconfidence bias among retail investors. This research could be helpful for stakeholders of the capital market to understand the tendency of Bangladeshi investors towards overconfidence bias.
Economics
Saad Raad Faysal
Abstract
The primary purpose of this paper is to verify the basic assumptions according to the pecking order and Trade-off theory for the capital structure in listed firms on KSA, Iran, and the Iraq Stock Exchange of West Asian countries. The pooled ordinary least squares (OLS) were used to examine the relationships ...
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The primary purpose of this paper is to verify the basic assumptions according to the pecking order and Trade-off theory for the capital structure in listed firms on KSA, Iran, and the Iraq Stock Exchange of West Asian countries. The pooled ordinary least squares (OLS) were used to examine the relationships of the three countries for determinants of the capital structure from 2016 to 2020 for the data of non-financial companies. Finally, we obtained 116 Saudi, 82 Iranian, and 35 Iraqi companies. Our findings support capital structure theories of the pecking order theory better to describe the capital structure in KSA. This is a significant marker like these societies, yet we found some determinants of the capital structure consistent with trade-off theory in the context of Iran and Iraq. So, it can be said that the Islamic nature of these countries brings companies closer to issuing shares than using debt as a means of capital financing, as Muslims believe that the usury (Raba) comes from the interest of debt. Our results indicate that the growth opportunities have a positive relationship with LEV, but it is not significant for the three countries. This paper can give a unique picture of Islamic societies and how to get capital financing. We found a remarkable similarity in the choice of pecking order theory for the capital structure; naturally, this paper is of interest to owners and managers who are trying to obtain an ideal capital structure to improve the fixed performance of the company.
Economics
Md Junayed Hossain
Abstract
Accurate forecasting of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is crucial for policymakers, businesses, and investors. This research explores the use of SARIMAX, ARIMA, and Random Forest models to forecast GDP in the UK. The study investigates the relationship between GDP and the unemployment rate, considering ...
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Accurate forecasting of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is crucial for policymakers, businesses, and investors. This research explores the use of SARIMAX, ARIMA, and Random Forest models to forecast GDP in the UK. The study investigates the relationship between GDP and the unemployment rate, considering historical GDP and unemployment data collected from the Office of National Statistics (ONS). Both SARIMAX and ARIMA models indicate a negative relationship between GDP and the unemployment rate, although the coefficients are not statistically significant. On the other hand, the Random Forest model has shown its supremacy when it comes to the accuracy of prediction. The results suggest that other factors may have a stronger influence on GDP fluctuations based on the empirical findings. Future research should consider additional variables and advanced modelling techniques to further explore the relationship between GDP and the unemployment rate, contributing to a deeper understanding of the UK economy and informing effective economic management.
Economics
Ben Asuelimen Ijie; Michael Omohimi Iyoriobhe
Abstract
This study examines the influence of the Nigeria Agriculture Promotion Policy (APP) on the economic performance of small-scale palm oil marketers in Edo State. Employing a mixed-methods approach, data were collected from 110 palm oil markers across 11 local government areas (LGAs) in three senatorial ...
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This study examines the influence of the Nigeria Agriculture Promotion Policy (APP) on the economic performance of small-scale palm oil marketers in Edo State. Employing a mixed-methods approach, data were collected from 110 palm oil markers across 11 local government areas (LGAs) in three senatorial districts in Edo State. Quantitative data obtained through questionnaires were analysed using descriptive statistics. Results reveal that the APP effectively enhanced the economic performance of palm oil marketers. Small-scale marketers experienced a significant income increase of 27.7%, rising from N445,072.73 in 2015 to N568,395.45 in 2021. However, the study identified certain limitations of the APP, such as the absence of regular training or skill development programs for marketers and limited access to loan facilities for procuring more efficient palm oil production machinery. These findings hold crucial implications for Nigeria's agricultural policies. The study recommends expanding market linkages at the macro level by promoting micro, small, and medium enterprises that facilitate profitable interactions between input suppliers, producers, processors, marketers, and other stakeholders within the palm oil value chains. Addressing these recommendations can foster the sustainable development of the agricultural sector in Nigeria.
Economics
Seyyed Mohammad Ghaem Zabihi; Narges Salehnia; Fatemeh Akbari
Abstract
Governmental and non-governmental organizations and experts have focused on media freedom and reforms in the last two decades. The present study examines the impact of Reporters Without Borders on the profit of the tourism sector in selected countries in Southwest Asia from 2012 to 2018. It investigates ...
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Governmental and non-governmental organizations and experts have focused on media freedom and reforms in the last two decades. The present study examines the impact of Reporters Without Borders on the profit of the tourism sector in selected countries in Southwest Asia from 2012 to 2018. It investigates this relationship using a dynamic panel data method and a two-stage generalized moment system (GMM). The obtained results indicate that with a unit increase in the Reporters Without Borders index, the income of the tourism industry increases by 1.062%. Also, for other control variables, it can be concluded that with an increase of 1 unit in the good governance index, tourism revenues increased by 0.784 percent, and also with a 1 percent increase in the official exchange rate, the gross domestic product Per capita and trade openness of tourism industry income increases by 0.005, 2.134 and 0.628 percent respectively. It is worth mentioning that all the obtained coefficients were significant and positive.
Economics
Hoang Thi Du; Nguyen Xuan Tho
Volume 10, Issue 10 , October 2023, , Pages 861-874
Abstract
This study empirically investigated the existence of Calendar effects by using closing daily data for the Vietnam index (VN-index) before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. Daily returns of the VN-Index from 2 January 2018 to 12 August 2022 are used in this study to ascertain calendar anomalies in Ho ...
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This study empirically investigated the existence of Calendar effects by using closing daily data for the Vietnam index (VN-index) before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. Daily returns of the VN-Index from 2 January 2018 to 12 August 2022 are used in this study to ascertain calendar anomalies in Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange (HOSE). To test these effects, the entire study period is divided into two sub-periods: during and before the Covid-19 crisis. Then, the ordinary least square (OLS) method and the Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity [GARCH (1,1)] regression model were employed. The empirical results from the OLS model support the occurrence of calendar anomalies for the HOSE both before and during the Covid-19 pandemic while the results of GARCH (1,1) only confirmed the positively significant effect on Friday during the Covid-19 periods. Regarding stock returns, positive returns were found only on Friday, during the Covid-19 pandemic. It implies that Covid-19 has changed the nature of the stock market from efficient to inefficient. The study’s findings suggest that the Covid-19 crisis significantly impacted the daily returns anomaly in Vietnam’s HOSE.
Economics
Laban Gasper; George Andwilile Abrahamu
Abstract
Petroleum is one of the vital sources of energy for economic activities and the most traded commodity worldwide. It is crucial to industry and civilization and as it meets a substantial portion of the world's energy requirements, it has a big impact on global politics and intergovernmental relations. ...
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Petroleum is one of the vital sources of energy for economic activities and the most traded commodity worldwide. It is crucial to industry and civilization and as it meets a substantial portion of the world's energy requirements, it has a big impact on global politics and intergovernmental relations. Given the importance of oil to the economy, projecting crude prices has received a lot of focus in the literature. The primary goal of this research is to assess how well Holt's technique and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) forecast the petroleum prices in Tanzania. To determine whether the model is more reliable at predicting the prices of petrol in Tanzania, a comparative analysis was perfumed. Monthly data on petroleum prices were extracted from the bank of Tanzania website between February, 2004 to May, 2023. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), mean absolute error (MAE), and mean squared error (MSE) were used to evaluate the predictive ability of the ARIMA and double exponential smoothing models. The findings indicated that ARIMA (1,1,1) outperformed double exponential smoothing model for forecasting the prices of petrol in Tanzania. The result of this study will guide policy makers and investors in the energy sector to make wise decisions through accurate prediction of the price of petroleum in the future.
Economics
Md. Nasirul Islam; Farha Siddique; Abu Hurira
Abstract
The determination of this research is to investigate the level to which the regulations governing professional authority have an influence on the efficiency of the banking sector in Bangladesh. In this study, we selected 100 (one hundred) sample from commercial banks from 2017 to 2021 years, respectively. ...
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The determination of this research is to investigate the level to which the regulations governing professional authority have an influence on the efficiency of the banking sector in Bangladesh. In this study, we selected 100 (one hundred) sample from commercial banks from 2017 to 2021 years, respectively. These banks were all active participants and registered in the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE). To examine the relationship between the independent variables (bank size, board size, board composition, and CEO status) and the dependent variable (CEO status), a random effect of panel least square regression analysis was conducted (return on asset, return on equity and earnings per share). According to the results from the analysis, the size of a bank has a favorable effect on ROA and ROE, but a negative effect on EPS. Moreover, the success of Bangladeshi banks tends to increase as their size increases. Corporate governance and financial institution performance in Bangladesh are significantly associated.
Economics
Laban Gasper; Enid Kebby Ernest
Abstract
Consumer price index (CPI) is a socioeconomic statistic that tracks changes over time in the average price of consumer goods and services such as household purchases of fuel, transportation, food and so on that consumers buy, use, or pay for. The purchasing power of everyone is impacted by rising costs, ...
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Consumer price index (CPI) is a socioeconomic statistic that tracks changes over time in the average price of consumer goods and services such as household purchases of fuel, transportation, food and so on that consumers buy, use, or pay for. The purchasing power of everyone is impacted by rising costs, especially if salaries stay the same. Our ability to purchase more things with our TZS reduces when the CPI increases more quickly than earnings, which has an impact on our cost of living. The aim of this study is to use the CPI monthly data from IMF website for the period from Jan 2010 to Dec 2022 to develop a forecasting model by using Holt Winter’s approach. Holt Winter's model based on four equations and popularly known as Triple exponential smoothing is commonly used in forecasting data with trends and seasonality. Holt Winter’s model is composed of four equations relating to level, trend, seasonal and forecast. The results revealed that the Holt winter’s model with smoothing parameters, 0.9 for level, 0.12 for trend, and 0.03 for seasonal was the best model in forecasting Consumer Price Index. The CPI for Tanzania is predicted for the next eighteen months and it has been observed that the trend of CPI is likely to increase in the next eighteen months.
Economics
Laban Gasper
Abstract
People must be well-informed on market swings in today's difficult economic times in order to cut excessive spending. Rising expenditures in a variety of sectors, including business, education, and healthcare can be burdensome for consumers, and accurate forecasting of household is necessary given the ...
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People must be well-informed on market swings in today's difficult economic times in order to cut excessive spending. Rising expenditures in a variety of sectors, including business, education, and healthcare can be burdensome for consumers, and accurate forecasting of household is necessary given the current technological innovation. The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is one of the statistical indicators used to estimate the changes in prices for commodities. Forecasting CPI can assist individuals in developing a plan for making decisions on their daily consumption. This study seeks to develop a SARIMA model for forecasting consumer price indices (CPI) in Tanzania by using data collected from International Monetary Fund (IMF) website from January 2010 to December 2022. Data were evaluated using time series methods such as time plots and stationarity tests. It was discovered that there is seasonality in the CPI index. However, a serial correlogram test was performed using a residual correlogram after which the variable was estimated using the SARIMA model and SARIMA (0, 1, 0) (1, 1, 1)12 was fitted to the time series variable. The residual analysis was explored and because almost all correlations are zero, the SARIMA (1,1,1) (0,1,2)12 model was appropriate for forecasting CPI index in Tanzania. Consumer price index was predicted for the next eighteen months and it has been observed that the trend of CPI is likely to increase in the next eighteen months.
Economics
Nilufar Easmin; Abu Hurira
Abstract
The healthcare industry is well aware of the issue of limited resources. By properly managing available resources, waste may be minimized. Bangladesh is a developing nation with limited resources, hence it is essential to estimate technical efficiency in this circumstance. Health care efficiency in the ...
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The healthcare industry is well aware of the issue of limited resources. By properly managing available resources, waste may be minimized. Bangladesh is a developing nation with limited resources, hence it is essential to estimate technical efficiency in this circumstance. Health care efficiency in the developed world has long been examined using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). However, few studies have used DEA to evaluate the effectiveness of healthcare delivery in emerging economies, especially in Bangladesh. A total of 24 community clinics in Kushtia were chosen at random for this study, and their technical efficiency was determined using the DEA method. The goal was to assess health centers’ levels of efficiency and provide recommendations for improving less effective centers’ performance. Input-based Data Envelopment Analysis was utilized to evaluate technical efficiency. The first category comprised of twelve prominent public hospitals. In this study, the number of outpatient visits was both an input and an outcome variable, whereas physicians, nurses, drugs, and other medical supplies were input variables. The Malmquist index was also utilized to assess efficiency gains and losses over time in community clinics. The eleven surviving community health clinics ended just inside the border. Based on their average efficiency rating, the facilities could accomplish the same goals while consuming 42% less inputs. On average, each CC created garbage worth TK. 0.14 crore. Across the board, production grew during the study periods. Overall, the findings suggest that public health centres are extremely inefficient in their delivery of health care and that substantial savings may be achieved by implementing steps to reduce waste.
Economics
Mohammad Lashkari; Farahnaz Jahanbakhsh
Abstract
This article examines the effect of the increase in the cost of living on the age of marriage in Iran. Age of marriage, reproductive age and number of children are used as dependent variables and income, unemployment and living expenses are used as independent variables in this article. The required ...
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This article examines the effect of the increase in the cost of living on the age of marriage in Iran. Age of marriage, reproductive age and number of children are used as dependent variables and income, unemployment and living expenses are used as independent variables in this article. The required data was collected from the distribution of 384 questionnaires among single and married men and women. For data analysis, one-sample t-test and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test were used. According to the results obtained from the data analysis, with the increase in the cost of living, the age of marriage and reproductive age also increases, and also with the increase in the cost of living, the desire to have more children decreases, and there is a significant relationship between income and the number of children. This is despite the fact that there is no significant relationship between unemployment and marriage age, if unemployment and income and living expenses are dependent on each other, but in the statistical population of this article, unemployment does not explain its effect on marriage age correctly. Also, there is an inverse relationship between the amount of income and the age of marriage.
Economics
Seyed Valiallah Mirhoseyni; Mohammd Reza Montazeri; Marzeya ShahVali
Abstract
Investigation of budget deficit and government debt relationship with economic growth is one of the important topics in macroeconomic literature; Hence, the present study examined the role of budget deficit and government debt on financing the economic growth in 40 developing countries between 2010-2019. ...
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Investigation of budget deficit and government debt relationship with economic growth is one of the important topics in macroeconomic literature; Hence, the present study examined the role of budget deficit and government debt on financing the economic growth in 40 developing countries between 2010-2019. In this regard, the economic growth was defined as a function of financial development, budget deficit, government debt, government expenditure, human capital, inflation rate, trade freedom, and the interaction of budget deficit and government debt with financial development. To examine the relationships between variables, the panel data econometric model and the feasible generalized least squares method were used. The estimation results showed that in developing countries, financial development had a positive and budget deficit and government debt had a negative and significant effect on the economic growth. Also, the interaction effect of budget deficit and government debt with financial development on economic growth was negative and significant that showed budget deficit and government debt play a negative role in positive relationship between financial development and economic growth. In addition, government expenditure, human capital, and trade freedom had a positive and significant effect on economic growth, while the inflation rate effect on economic growth was not significant.
Economics
Seyed Valiallah Mirhoseyni; Ebrahim Bahraminia; Firozeh Nori
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between life expectancy at birth and economic growth in developing countries. The Document and Library review was used to collect data. Then, the relevant information was extracted from the World Bank website. The necessary information was collected through ...
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This study aimed to investigate the relationship between life expectancy at birth and economic growth in developing countries. The Document and Library review was used to collect data. Then, the relevant information was extracted from the World Bank website. The necessary information was collected through the World Bank website (2000-2020) to analyze the information and hypothesis test. After collecting the required information for the considered countries, the research hypotheses were examined using correlation and regression analysis and the panel data statistical method, and the data was prepared for analysis. Then, Eviews 12 is used to perform the final analysis. The results showed that there is a positive and direct relationship between Healthcare expenditures as one of the indicators of life expectancy at birth and economic growth in developing countries. It is also concluded that there is a negative and inverse relationship between Food Poverty as one of the sub-indicators of life expectancy at birth and economic growth in developing countries, while there was a negative and inverse relationship between the Death Rate as one of the sub-indicators of life expectancy at birth and economic growth in developing countries. In addition, there is a positive and direct relationship between Access to Educational Facilities as one of the sub-indicators of life expectancy at birth and economic growth in developing countries. Finally, there is a positive and direct relationship between Median Household Income as one of the indicators of life expectancy at birth and economic growth in developing countries.
Economics
Rimon Kumar; Saikat Pande
Abstract
Agriculture is one of the most important sectors and driving factors of the economy of Bangladesh, which plays a significant role in the prosperity of large rural communities by increasing productivity, income, and creating employment. Presently, this sector has faced a severe challenge in its production, ...
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Agriculture is one of the most important sectors and driving factors of the economy of Bangladesh, which plays a significant role in the prosperity of large rural communities by increasing productivity, income, and creating employment. Presently, this sector has faced a severe challenge in its production, due to the construction of unplanned infrastructure in rural areas. This study investigates the effect of rural infrastructure on agricultural production in Bangladesh. Using the purposive sampling technique, 50 respondents were interviewed through a structured questionnaire to collect primary data from six unions of Sadar Upazila in the Kushtia district. Statistical methods of multiple regression and paired-sample t-test have been utilized to analyze the collected data. The results of the multiple regression model show that the co-efficient of cultivable and infrastructural land size is statistically significant at 1 percent of level, which depicts cultivable land positively affects agricultural production, whereas infrastructural land negatively affects agricultural production in the study area. This means that infrastructure built on cultivable land has reduced agricultural production. Paired-sample t-test result also shows that the mean difference between agricultural production before and after constructing infrastructure is TK.134847.94 per year. The primary reasons for the construction of infrastructure in the study area are unanticipated population expansion, urbanization, unplanned human settlement, and a rise in nuclear families. Lastly, suitable policies have been offered to develop the infrastructure as well as agricultural production in rural areas.
Economics
Seyed Valiallah Mirhoseyni; Seyed Hosein Izadi; Leila Mohammad Ghader
Abstract
Human capital is supposed to be an important factor in innovation and economic development. However, the long-run influence of human capital on current innovation and economic development is still unclear, in particular in the MENA region. Therefore, the present study is to investigate the long-run influence ...
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Human capital is supposed to be an important factor in innovation and economic development. However, the long-run influence of human capital on current innovation and economic development is still unclear, in particular in the MENA region. Therefore, the present study is to investigate the long-run influence of human capital on innovation and economic growth in MENA countries for the years 2010-2012. The data were collected using the library method from the World Bank database and were analyzed using statistical and econometric methods for panel data. The results obtained from this study showed that human capital had a positive, significant influence on innovation and economic growth in MENA countries. The same influence was observed for the population density in some age groups (more educated people) on the patents in MENA countries.The same influence was observed for the population density in some age groups (more educated people) on the patents in MENA countries.
Economics
Kazuhiro Ohnishi
Abstract
This paper uses a mixed market model in which a state-owned public firm and a private firm produce complementary goods and reassesses the welfare effects of production subsidies. The paper examines four regimes: mixed and private duopoly, each with and without subsidies. In the regimes without subsidies, ...
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This paper uses a mixed market model in which a state-owned public firm and a private firm produce complementary goods and reassesses the welfare effects of production subsidies. The paper examines four regimes: mixed and private duopoly, each with and without subsidies. In the regimes without subsidies, a one-shot Cournot-Nash game is considered. In the regimes with subsidies, the following two-stage game is considered: At the first stage the government chooses the subsidy level to maximize social welfare, and at the second stage each firm observes the subsidy and simultaneously chooses its output level. The paper presents the following two main results. First, if production subsidies are used only before privatization, then there is a reduction in social welfare. Second, if production subsidies are used before and after privatization, then social welfare is not changed by privatization. The paper finds that the results are the same as those obtained by White (1996) that examines the welfare effects of production subsidies in a Cournot mixed market with homogeneous goods.
Economics
Seyed Valiallah Mirhoseyni; Seyed Hossein Izadi; Abas Rahimi
Abstract
One of the most significant sources of government funding that has an impact on social and economic trends is tax income. One of the most significant elements impacting macroeconomic variables, particularly tax income, are exchange rate swings. In this regard, the current study has looked at the impact ...
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One of the most significant sources of government funding that has an impact on social and economic trends is tax income. One of the most significant elements impacting macroeconomic variables, particularly tax income, are exchange rate swings. In this regard, the current study has looked at the impact of currency rate changes on tax receipts in the Iranian economy from 1979 to 2018. The World Bank, the Iranian Statistics Center, and the Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran's economic time series databases were used to extract the necessary data. To do this, the actual exchange rate fluctuation was first calculated using the Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heterogeneity Variance (GARCH) model, and the required relationships were then estimated using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL). The study's findings indicated that increased exchange rate swings when a firm is open and have an impact on tax income and put it at risk, which causes a short-term decline in tax revenue.
Economics
Idongesit Edem Udoh; Ubong Edem Effiong; John Polycarp Ekpe
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to empirically examine the influence of globalization on income inequality in Nigeria from 1986 to 2021. The income inequality was represented by the Gini coefficient while globalization was measured by key indices like foreign direct investment, remittances, and ...
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The main objective of this study was to empirically examine the influence of globalization on income inequality in Nigeria from 1986 to 2021. The income inequality was represented by the Gini coefficient while globalization was measured by key indices like foreign direct investment, remittances, and trade openness. With the use of the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach which was as a result of the stationary of our series at levels and first difference as reported by the Augmented Dickey-Fuller unit root test, the study observed that a long-run relationship exists amid inequality and measures of globalization. In the short-run, it was realized that foreign direct investment, remittances, trade openness, and urbanization aided in reducing income inequality in the short-run while inflation accelerated income inequality within the study period. In the long-run, the only measure of globalization that significantly reduce income inequality is remittances; while foreign direct investment significantly increased income inequality in the long-run. the paper concluded that it is not inevitable that measures of globalization have different influence on inequality of income and wealth depending on time.
Economics
Ade Herawan; Agnes Quartina Pudjiastuti; Nur Ida Iriani
Abstract
People of Pasuruan Regency seize market opportunities for fishery commodities by conducting fish pemindangan (processing) businesses. The study aims to analyze factors that affect income of the fish pindang business in Mlaten and Kedawang Village, Pasuruan Regency. The research respondents were all fish ...
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People of Pasuruan Regency seize market opportunities for fishery commodities by conducting fish pemindangan (processing) businesses. The study aims to analyze factors that affect income of the fish pindang business in Mlaten and Kedawang Village, Pasuruan Regency. The research respondents were all fish processing business actors, totaling 24 business actors in Mlaten Village and 26 business actors in Kedawang Village. Data collected through interviews with respondents, and analyzed with multiple linear regression models. The results showed that income of the business in Mlaten Village was simultaneously influenced by price of raw materials, business experience, number of workers, education, processing facilities, firewood, and amount of salt. Partially, the income was significantly influenced by business experience, number of workers, and processing facilities. In Kedawang Village, simultaneously, all of these variables also have a significant effect on the income. But partially, business experience, processing facilities, and the amount of salt have a significant effect on the income. Most dominant factor is processing facilities.
Economics
Saikat Pande
Abstract
The handloom textile industry, one of the significant labor-contributing industries in Bangladesh, provides income and employment opportunities for a sizable section of rural labor. However, in recent years, the handloom textile industry has been experiencing several problems in its production. The residents ...
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The handloom textile industry, one of the significant labor-contributing industries in Bangladesh, provides income and employment opportunities for a sizable section of rural labor. However, in recent years, the handloom textile industry has been experiencing several problems in its production. The residents of three Upazilas in the Sirajganj district rely directly or indirectly on this sector. This study will examine the issues and opportunities of the handloom industry in three Upazilas of the Sirajganj district in Bangladesh. The district of Sirajganj was chosen as a purposive sample and used the multistage random sampling method of fifty handloom units from twenty villages in Ullapara, Shahajdpur, and Belkuchi Upazila. The Cobb-Douglas production function is used to identify in this case to assess the variables' impact on the Handloom sector's annual income. Labor, input, and education coefficient is significant at 1 percent of the level. On the other hand, capital has negatively impacted the handloom industries and is also not statistically significant. Despite experience positively impacting the handloom weaver's income, it does not influence statistically significant. The estimated capital coefficient of -0.208, and the approximate labor cost is 25.73. Major problems of the handloom industry in the high rate of fabrics and colors. These results suggest that labor is a vital part of the handloom industry and with the posting of workers, handloom output rises as well.
Economics
Wakhid Setiyantoro; Agnes Quartina Pudjiastuti; Cakti Indra Gunawan
Abstract
Vannamei shrimp farming on a mini-scale plastic pond ("busmetik") in Pasuruan Regency has been implemented since 2015. This study aims to analyze financial feasibility and potential for busmetik development in this region. The research was conducted in three sub-districts with a population of 120 farmers. ...
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Vannamei shrimp farming on a mini-scale plastic pond ("busmetik") in Pasuruan Regency has been implemented since 2015. This study aims to analyze financial feasibility and potential for busmetik development in this region. The research was conducted in three sub-districts with a population of 120 farmers. Sample was determined by simple random sampling and 37 farmers were selected. Data collected through interviews, and analyzed by financial feasibility and SWOT. The results showed that busmetik vannamei shrimp farming in Pasuruan Regency was feasible to be developed based on investment criteria: R/C and B/C greater than one, short payback period, BEP price and production lower than real price and production, positive NPV, and IRR is higher than bank interest rate. Sensitivity analysis on the decline in production and prices by 20% resulted in the conclusion that this business is just feasible. Analysis of internal factors (IFE) and external factors (EFE) resulted in six strategies for developing vannamei shrimp farming business with busmetik technology. Those strategies were to classify product sizes based on quality; increase production volume with optimal land use; integrated production management; product differentiation; training program planning; and work with third parties for assistance. Government and investors can promote the business by supporting financing, providing integrated production management training in order to increase production and income of farmers.
Economics
Mohammad Nazmus Sakib; Abu Hurira; Md Ariful Islam
Abstract
The SARS COV2 pandemic hits the life and livelihoods of millions and consequently slows down the world economy. The pandemic hits hard the specific social groups due to travel restrictions/bans and other regulations that affect their income and consumption patterns. The goal of this paper is to find ...
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The SARS COV2 pandemic hits the life and livelihoods of millions and consequently slows down the world economy. The pandemic hits hard the specific social groups due to travel restrictions/bans and other regulations that affect their income and consumption patterns. The goal of this paper is to find out whether the pandemic has any effect on consumption and income patterns among consumers in rural settings. To implement this study, structured questionnaires were sent to respondents and collect data from 180 samples living in rural areas of four different administrative districts in Bangladesh such as Rajshahi, Bogura, Naogaon, and Natore. Using paired sample T-test (parametric) and Wilcoxon signed ranked test (nonparametric) test found that pandemics had a significant effect on the pattern of consumption and income in the northern area of Bangladesh. While the Keynesian method of income determination shows that the MPC before the COVID-19 pandemic was 0.31 and during it was 0.37. This shows that consumers would like to consume at a higher level compared to them before the COVID-19 pandemic. Overall, the study revealed that though the pandemic significantly affect consumers’ income to reduce, consumption levels inclines fuelled by the fear of panic buying during the pandemic. Government should have preparedness to provide essential goods during any natural disasters or pandemic-like events.
Economics
Nastaran Shahvari
Abstract
Considering the emotional behavior of investors in the cryptocurrency market, this paper comprehensively explores the sophisticated relationship between Bitcoin investor sentiment and gold price movements. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of the gold price on investor sentiment of Bitcoin ...
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Considering the emotional behavior of investors in the cryptocurrency market, this paper comprehensively explores the sophisticated relationship between Bitcoin investor sentiment and gold price movements. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of the gold price on investor sentiment of Bitcoin market traders and investors using monthly data from August 2020 to August 2022. The impact of oil prices on investor sentiment was examined using the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) method. The PMG approach considers short-term and long-term relationships between series and provides reliable results in the context of dynamic heterogeneous panel models. PMG implementations in all models show the short-term and long-term impact of the gold price on investor sentiment. The results also suggest that gold prices are positive and significant in the long run across all models, and that behavioral factors such as consumer sentiment and global economic stability are important in controlling gold prices at shorter time resolutions. Precious metals have had a positive impact on the Bitcoin market,
Economics
Hamid Izadi
Abstract
Nowadays, the study of the share of households' health expenditures in their total consumption expenditures and its impact on the well-being of households and society has become an important issue as it is applied in policy and planning by government officials. This paper aims to examine the impact of ...
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Nowadays, the study of the share of households' health expenditures in their total consumption expenditures and its impact on the well-being of households and society has become an important issue as it is applied in policy and planning by government officials. This paper aims to examine the impact of changes in the share of health expenditures in the basket of total household consumption expenditures and to show that small changes in the variable have significant effects on consumption, desirability, and, consequently, the well-being of society. The results of this modelling suggest that a decrease in the share of household health expenditures leads to an increase in other household expenditures and, consequently, increases household welfare by an increasing utility. The reason for this is that by increasing its health and medical expenditures, the household must reduce its consumption of other goods, which decreases its total utility. It should be noted that this decrease is due to the fact that households are less inclined to spend a larger share of their total consumption expenditure on health services. An increase in the share of households' health expenditures in their total expenditures leads to a decrease in welfare, and a decrease in this share increases household welfare. However, factors such as the inefficiency of the insurance system, poor health system monitoring, and problems in accessing and using health services can have a major impact on households' acceptance, desire, and use of health services and should be considered a serious problem.